Legal Issues and Policy: Cyberspace and the Law

DISCLAIMER: The files in the directory are not presented as legal advice, only as informational materials. Files not authored by EFF do not necessarily represent the views, opinions, or policy of EFF.

Note:
* = not to be reposted beyond this site w/o author's permission.
** = no commerical/for-profit redistribution w/o author's permission

Files in this Archive

access_rights_johnson.article

"Access Rights -- All Power to the Sysop?", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "Some enlightened sysops will create mechanisms by means of which users can participate in making rules and overseeing their enforcement. Will those sysops prosper in preference to others who act less accountably? Will the existence of checks on arbitrary exercises of raw power help to keep other, external, regulators at bay?"

anon_juris.article

"The Coming Jurisdictional Swamp of Global Internetworking (Or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Anonymity)", by Douglas Barnes. Overview of several reasons why anonymity on the Net is a good idea, and a look at the many ways in which a foreign jurisdiction can exercise authority over citizens of other countries.

anonymity_online_johnson.article

"The Unscrupulous Diner's Dilemma and Anonymity in Cyberspace", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "The ultimate implication, I believe, is that to achieve a civilized form of cyberspace, we have to limit the use of anonymous communications. Many early citizens of cyberspace will bitterly oppose any such development, arguing that anonymous and pseudonymous electronic communications are vital to preserve electronic freedoms and allow free expression of human personality. But the problem with that view is that we all collectively face the diners' dilemma -- we must collaborate in groups to build a rich social fabric, and we know that the ability to act anonymously, sporadically, in large groups brings out the worst in human character." One of Mr. Johnson's more controversial pieces.

bbs_and_law.paper

Mike Riddle, "THE ELECTRONIC PAMPHLET--COMPUTER BULLETIN BOARDS AND THE LAW". A round-up of key legal aspects of running a BBS. Covered are BBS and the 1st Amendment, Operation Sun Devil, access rights to information, sysop liability for defamation and copyright infringement, etc.

bbs_defamation_liability.paper

John R. Kahn, "DEFAMATION LIABILITY OF COMPUTERIZED BULLETIN BOARD OPERATORS AND PROBLEMS OF PROOF". The scope of this Comment is to examine issues that arise in tracing computerized defamation to its true source. Must read for all SYSOPS and potential SYSOPS concerning your liability for information posted on your BBS.

bill_of_rights_online.paper

Harvey Silverglate, "LEGAL OVERVIEW: THE ELECTRONIC FRONTIER AND THE BILL OF RIGHTS". Striking balances properly among freedom of speech, the right to privacy and protection from unwarranted governmental intrusion will not be easy, but if they are struck too far in one direction or the other, important social and legal values surely will be sacrificed.

comp_crime_cases.list

Compiled list of computer crimes that have been tried and appealed.

comp_crime_cases.summaries

Summaries of various computer crime cases that have been tried.

comp_crime_cases_list.update

An updated list of computer crimes tried, updated May 1, 1995.

comp_crime_laws.list

List of computer crime related statutes by state

comp_crime_us_state.laws

US states' computer crime statutes.

comp_crime_us_state_laws.readme

explanatory and introductory notes for the two files immediately above and below.

comp_crime_us_state_laws_table.ps

PostScript file reference table of information dealing with computer crime in various states.

comp_law.biblio

1991 bibliography of computer-law related materials, especially on the subject of copyrights and digital media (computer software, CD-ROM, etc.) for librarianship.Reviewed by Martin Halbert, from The Public-Access Computer Systems Review.

comp_privacy_vs_rights.paper

Michael S. Borella, "COMPUTER PRIVACY VS. FIRST AND FOURTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS". This paper discusses cyberspace and its increasing role in the life of every human being, not just those who actually use a computer, and explores the legal battles and rights issues regarding cyberspace.

comp_security_legal.article

Simson L. Garfinkel, "An Introduction to Computer Security For Lawyers". This article attempts to broadly cover questions of computer security in the small business or law firm. This article hopes to acquaint the reader with the issues involved so that the reader may then be able to analyze systems on a case-by-case basis and recognize when outside assistance is required.

competition_legal_info.report

report of the October 25 meeting with DOJ was written by Professor Carole Hafner dealing with the need for Free Competition in the Legal Information Field

content_regulation_johnson.article

"Taking Cyberspace Seriously: Dealing with Obnoxious Messages on the Net", David Johnson. Excerpt: "Territorially-based laws fail us when we confront new phenomena involving participants whose geographical locations span legal jurisdictions and have little relationship to the locus of the harms they might inflict...we can reduce the intensity of the debate, and find some

cops_net_architecture_johnson.article

"Law Enforcement and The Architecture of Cyberspace -- Should the Cops on the Beat Design the Electronic Street?", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "The Administration has made its position clear: it will seek to encourage the use of the "Clipper Chip" and push for legislation that will require electronic communications systems to be designed to facilitate wiretapping and surveillance in real time...So we have a set of proposals that, in somewhat breath-taking fashion, claim for the cops not only the right to walk the beat but a privilege to say just how the street will be designed...But no such origin accounts for our best public spaces and I can tell you...that putting wiretapping at the top of the design priority list is a really dumb idea..."

Terry Carroll's misc.legal Copyright FAQ

copyrt_myths.faq

A discussion on the facts and myths surrounding copyright law including computers and the internet. Written by Terry Carroll and contains all six volumes of the FAQ.

cyber_barbwire_johnson.article

"Barbed Wire Fences in Cyberspace: The Threat Posed by Calls for Ownership of Transactional Information", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "Concerned about the threat to privacy created by such electronic dossiers, some have called for new laws granting each of us "ownership" of all the transactional information generated as we move around the network...This may produce a sort of cattle drive vs. sheep herder battle on the electronic frontier. Either "information wants to be free" or we can all put barbed wire around the tracks we leave -- but we can't have both a free information range and a system of information ownership. The First Amendment implications of any such privacy regime are staggering."

cyber_constitution.paper

Laurence H. Tribe, "The Constitution in Cyberspace" the keynote address at the First Conference on Computers, Freedom and Privacy1991

cyber_first_amend_johnson.article

"Volume Controls in Cyberspace? -- Hard First Amendment Questions in the Age of Electronic Networking", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "Some call for enforcement of the First Amendment in cyberspace. Some point out that the First Amendment is a local U.S. ordinance...But no one has yet come to grips with the hard question of how we will balance the community interests in imposing some limitations on speech against the desire to facilitate open communication over the Net...In other words, if we did have a "First Amendment" in cyberspace, generally agreed upon as a global balancing tool for the rights of speech and the protection of other interests, what would it say?"

cyberjuris_quidproquo_johnson.article

"Jurisdictional Quid Pro Quo and the Law of Cyberspace", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "...both national and international law doctrines regarding jurisdiction rely heavily on questions regarding the (1) the extent of the voluntary "contacts" the relevant person has had with the interested jurisdiction and (2) the fairness of asserting personal jurisdiction over the acts of a foreign person. There is a sliding scale, with the importance of looking to fairness becoming greater as the extent of contacts diminishes. There may also be a corrollation between a state's assertion of jurisdiction over a person or matter and its practical ability to enforce a judgment."

cyberlaw_bbs_free_market.article

"Cyberspace, the Free Market and the Free Marketplace of Ideas: Recognizing Legal Differences in Computer Bulletin Board Functions" by Eric Schlachter. This article deals with the emerging BBS technology and the present and future law dealing with it and information distributed on BBSs.

cyberlaw_johnson.article

"Lawmaking and Law Enforcement in Cyberspace", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "One way to advance exploration of the question whether Cyberspace should be self-regulating (or, perhaps, even "sovereign" within its sphere) is to discuss in concrete terms how the law of Cyberspace can be made and enforced so as to achieve both effectiveness and fundamental principles of fairness."

cyberliberties_kapor.article

Mitch Kapor, "Civil Liberties in Cyberspace: When does hacking turn from an exercise of civil liberties into crime?"

cyberspace_legal_matrix.article

Lance Rose, "Cyberspace and the Legal Matrix: Laws or Confusion?" Article on legal aspects of electronic networks, or "cyberspace". First part is an overview of the many types of laws that may apply to different network situations. Second part examines some of the problems and results arising from clashes between differrent laws and regulations of cyberspace.

digital_media_and_law.paper

Oct 1991 paper from Communications of the ACM, by Pam Samuelson.

doj_search_seize_epic.analysis

EPIC Analysis of New Justice Department Draft Guidelines on Searching and Seizing Computers

e-law.paper

David J. Loundy, "E-LAW: LEGAL ISSUES AFFECTING COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SYSTEM OPERATOR LIABILITY".

e-pub_legal.article

Brian Peretti's Feb 1994 article dealing with computer publications and the first amendment

ecfa_91_bill.draft

draft bill (authored largely by former EFF boardmember David Johnson), the "Electronic Communications Forwarding Act", to provide legal protections for system operators. Those whose systems simply forward or retransmit electronic messages should not be liable for their contents. Status: Proposed in 1991, never introduced.

ecpa.law

the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, with relevant sections of other laws as modified by the ECPA (these annotations by EFF staff counsel Mike Godwin and Shari Steele).

ecpa_laymans_view.article

Mike Riddle, "THE ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS PRIVACY ACT OF 1986: A LAYMAN'S VIEW". The paper covers the two main sections of the act, Interception of Communications and Stored Communications and Records Access. Plain, clear text about a complicated issue.

edgar_grant.announce

November 1993 announcement that Congressman Edward Markey (D-MA) announced that the National Science Foundation would fund a pilot project to place the Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) system online for users of the Internet.

elec_rights_ala.papers

ASCII version of a printed booklet distributed at the American Library Association conference in July 1991 dealing with citizen rights and access to electronic information

electrifying_speech.paper

Nan Levinson, "ELECTRIFYING SPEECH: New Communications Technologies and Traditional Civil Liberties". A 1992 paper from Human Rights Watch. Discusses questions and legal issues arisen from the new communications technologies, and long held assumptions about individual and communal rights.

email_priv.biblio

Stacy Veeder's Jan and December 1991 bibliography of material relating to privacy and e-mail.

email_privacy.citations

Legal case citings relevant to the issue of privacy in email, divided into two groups: US Constitutional law, and California law.

email_subpoenas.note

September 1994 note from Edupage relating to the dangers to corporations in stockpiling of e-mail

epub_contract.principles

April 1994 treatise by the National Writers Union stating the principles on contracts bewteen writers and electronic book publishers.

export_bitnet_legal.letter

Feb 1994 note regarding Legal Aspects of Linking BITNET to Foreign Countries

export_otpa_legal.letter

This letter from Bill Clements, Director of the Office of Technology and Policy Analysis, Commerce Department, to the BITNET management explains their obligations and their members' obligations under the export laws, regarding exports of technical data and/or software over an international network

fair_use_and_copyright.excerpt

This is a simple and clear legal explanation of the doctrine of "fair use" as a defense to charges of copyright infringement, excerpted from Judge Whyte's decision, Sept. 22, 1995, in RTC & Bridge v. Erlich, Netcom & Klemesrud.

feds_on_the_net_godwin.article

"The Feds and the Net: Closing the Culture Gap" by Mike Godwin (column for _Internet_World_, May 1994 issue). "It was about halfway through my lecture at the FBI Academy at Quantico last fall that I began to sense in my audience a rising hostility. And, let me tell you, I take it very seriously when I'm feeling hostility from people who are licensed to carry weapons. But in spite of my nervousness, which I tried to hide from the FBI agents and federal prosecutors in my audience, I pressed on with my criticisms of federal law enforcement's investigations and prosecutions of computer-crime cases. In my experience, I told them, these law-enforcement efforts have all too often infringed on the rights of presumptively innocent citizens..."

future_legal_net_johnson.article

"The Future of the Net - As It Pertains to Lawyers", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "As we contemplate the inevitable emergence of new disputes and some new creative opportunities, all of us who are lawyers should look carefully at the wonderful things that have been accomplished on the net without any traditional law -- and attempt as best we can, consistently with the constraints of growth and newbies and commerce and boundaries, to preserve the spirit of the old net as we try to help build the new one."

good_fences_johnson.article

"Electronic Communications Privacy: Good Sysops Should Build Good Fences", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "Congress was right to make the extent of electronic privacy protection depend substantially on context-any other approach would have interfered with open access to communications intended to be publicly disseminated. But the result of this approach is that every system operator ("Sysop") of an electronic communications system or remote computing service bears an added burden-a duty to make clear to all concerned which types of messages may be disclosed to others and which may not."

granularity_cyberlaw_johnson.article

"Granularity and the Law of Cyberspace", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: 'With regard to intellectual property doctrine, the simultaneous bigness and smallness of intellectual artifacts in cyberspace causes serious problems. Should we consider each e-mail message a "work"? How can we use the "proportion taken" factor in a "fair use" analysis when we are dealing with the copying and forwarding of "whole" e-mail messages?...The same can be said about many other areas of law. The large numbers of small bits traversing a network make it nearly impossible for a sysop to review messages in advance -- and therefore requires us to rethink the application to sysops of traditional "publisher" liability for defamation...'

inet_publishing_legal.article

"PUBLISHING ON THE INTERNET: SOME LEGAL PROTECTIONS AND PITFALLS" by Pete Kennedy (attorney for plaintiffs in Steven Jackson v. USSS). Article submitted for a recent UT CLE seminar, about on-line publishing, which discusses some issues not usually talked about in the typical sysop-liability literature.

lappin_obscen_indecen.article

Journalist Todd Lappin explains obscenity and indecency (and the differences between them) in lay terms.

law_of_the_net_godwin.article

Mike Godwin, "The Law of the Net: Problems and Prospects". An article discussing the problems of civil and criminal law that one encounters when attempting to apply them to networking environments (incl. libel, intellectual property, etc.) Originally published in _Internet_World_, Sept./Oct. 1993.

law_research.faq

Legal Research FAQ.

mail_liability.article

Mike Riddle article, "Sysop Liability for En-Route (and/or Encrypted) Mail".

media_and_law.article

Howard H. Frederick, "Media Performance and International Law". A short essay on the international covenants and conventions that govern media behavior in the international arena. How do governments restrict international information exchange, how much can they restrict it, and what are the precedents?

multimedia_ip_primer.paper

A primer for non-lawyers on the legal issues in developing online and multimedia products, includes a description of the legal issues in creating a hypothetical multimedia work. By J. Dianne Brinson and Mark F. Radcliffe. Revised, 1996.

nbc_comp_crime.transcript

Script from the NBC "Almost 2001" computer crime news report aired May 1994

net_legal_resources.list

Erik J. Heels, "The Legal List: Law-Related Resources on the Internet and Elsewhere" *LARGE* - see next file.

net_legal_resources.readme

information on, and table of contents of, the preceeding file.

net_libel_godwin.article

Mike Godwin, "INTERNET LIBEL: IS THE PROVIDER RESPONSIBLE?" An exploration of some of the many issues that surround the problem of libel in modern networking. It's a fear every Internet service provider faces at least once: How responsible am I going to be if someone libels someone else on my system? There's no settled answer about a provider's responsibility. But one important case suggests what the eventual answer may be, and that case is good news for service providers. From _Internet_World_, Nov./Dec. 1993

net_public_figures_godwin.article

Mike Godwin's "Libel, Public Figures, and the Net" article for the June 1994 issue of _Internet_World_. Discusses the legal protection afforded to critics of public figures, who might otherwise be liable for defamation if their target were not a public figure, and how all this relates to cyberspace.

net_redist_johnson.article

"Creating Network Redistribution Rights -- Does Electronic Information Really Want to Be Free?", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: 'For some time, a debate has raged between the high priests of copyright orthodoxy ("nothing is broken; copyright always adapts") and a growing group (copypunks?) who say we need a new form of intellectual property for electronic networks ("it's broken, and we're glad").'

new_cyber_caselaw_johnson.article

"The New Case Law of Cyberspace", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "Can we use the net itself to perform adjudication and to create a[n online equivalent of] "common law?"...If we want to develop principled consideration and articulation of widely shared values, rather than mob rule and lynchings, we need to capture some of the best attributes of the networks conversation leading to consensus -- in reacting to particular cases and controversies."

obscen_virtcom_stds_godwin.article

"VIRTUAL COMMUNITY STANDARDS: BBS Obscenity Case Raises New Legal Issues", an article by Mike Godwin describing the relationship between the laws of various states regarding pornography and the internet, focusing in particular on the AABBS case. This 1994 article appeared in the _San_Fransico_Examiner_.

obscenity_and_indecency_godwin.excerpt

Selection from Mike Godwin's forthcoming book, discussing the legal differences between "indecency" and "obscenity". Though the general public tends to use these terms interchangably, and the fundamentlist lobbying groups do so on purpose to sow confusion, they are very different legal regimes.

obscenity_online_godwin.article

Mike Godwin's March/April 1994 _Internet_World_ article "SEX AND THE SINGLE SYSADMIN: The risks of carrying graphic sexual materials." Excerpt: "most of this country's law-enforcement organizations have only recently become aware of the extent that [sexually explicit] material is traded and distributed online--now that they're aware of it, they're aware of the potential for prosecution. In a recent case, an Oklahoma system operator was charged under state law for distribution of obscene materials, based on a CD-ROM of sexual images that he'd purchased through a mainstream BBS trade magazine. He was startled to find out that something he'd purchased through normal commercial channels had the potential of leading to serious criminal liability..."

online_dispute_resolution_johnson.article

"Dispute Resolution in Cyberspace", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "Should the networks themselves evolve new and better ways to resolve the disputes that arise in connection with their use?...Disputes that have arisen over the networks are, demonstrably, different in character, as well as subject matter, from more traditional fights...If there were a special set of rules applicable to the resolution of disputes in cyberspace, it seems likely that those rules should reflect and respect the special (and best) characteristics of the territory."

prosecuting_computer_criminals.article

Fevruary 1995 article discussing the ability and extent of using state computer crime statutes.

reward_online_authors_johnson.article

"Rewarding Authorship in Cyberspace: Is Intellectual Property the Answer or the Problem?", article by David Johnson. Excerpt: "Everywhere we turn, there are stern warnings that the new ease of making electronic copies will destroy incentives for the creation of new works -- and, therefore, that the network will destroy culture as we know it unless strong new measures are taken to enforce copyright and patent laws...Let me try to make the contrary case: the case that intellectual property law is creating serious problems and that we need to find ways to weaken our current protections dramatically for intellectual property [online]..."

scda_cracking_investigation.paper

Presentation by John C. Smith of the Santa Clara County (CA) District Attorney's Office, "Investigating and Prosecuting Network Intrusions".

search_and_seizure.speech

Harvey A. Sliverglate & Thomas C. Viles, "CONSTITUTIONAL, LEGAL, AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR DEALING WITH ELECTRONIC FILES IN THE AGE OF CYBERSPACE", from Federal Enforcement Conference 1991, Washington DC. How far can governments, companies and individuals go when gaining access to information?

search_and_seizure_guidelines.eff

Mitch Kapor & Mike Godwin, "Civil Liberties Implications of Computer Searches and Seizures: Some Proposed Guidelines for Magistrates Who Issue Search Warrants".

sentencing_guidelines.amend

Proposed amendment to federal sentencing guidelines for "computer crime", as improved by EFF's and others' input (see next file).

sentencing_guidelines.article

Jack King's article relating to revised computer crime sentencing guidelines.

sentencing_guidelines.eff

EFF statement of opposition to 1993 proposed sentencing guideline applicable to violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1988, 18 U.S.C. 1030 (CFAA). See previous file for the result.

schlachter_bbs_legal.article

"Cyberspace, the Free Market and the Free Marketplace of Ideas: Recognizing Legal Differences in Computer Bulletin Board Functions", by Eric Schlacter.

social_computing_pagre.paper

Paper titled "Computing as a Social Practice" by Philip Agre, discussing a broad range of theoretical and practical work over the last decade on the relationship between computer technology and society. Covers various topics from activism to research to online social responsibility.

software_licensing.paper

October 1994 observations on current and future trends in software licensing practices. While U.S. issues are emphasized, some global issues are also addressed because of the trend toward global computing environments and the importance of international revenues to the U.S. software industry. By Fred Greguras & Sandy Wong, 1994. Title: "Software Licensing Flexibility Complements the Digital Age".

surveillance_supreme_court.paper

Mark Morley's December 1993 paper "The Supreme Court and Electronic Surveillance: A Study of Originalism, the Fourth Amendment, and the Powers of Law Enforcement."

telecom_hatecrime_ntia.rfc

Info on a National Telecommunications and Information Administration study on "hate crimes" and telecommunications, including BBSs. This is the NTIA's 1993 Request for Comments on the issue.

telecom_hatecrime_paper.eff

Detailed EFF position paper, sent as an open letter to NTIA, in response to an NTIA "Request for Comments" on a government study of "hate crimes" and the online world. EFF's paper makes it clear to NTIA that BBSs and other online media are protected by the 1st Amendment, and that focusing on online incidence of hate speech is wide of the mark when one is trying to reduce hate crimes.

tempest_legal.draft

Christopher Seline, "Eavesdropping On the Electromagnetic Emanations of Digital Equipment: The Laws of Canada, England and the United States", draft article. This document explores the legal status of a surveillance technology known as TEMPEST. Using TEMPEST the information in any digital device may be intercepted and reconstructed into useful intelligence without the operative ever having to come near his target. The technology is especially useful in the interception of information stored in computers.

tn_89_comp_crime.glossary

The definitions of terms used in the computer crime statutes of Tennessee (typical of many states' computer crime laws.).

virtcom_standards.article

"Virtual Community Standards" article by Mike Godwin for _Reason_ magazine, Jan. 1995. Media manipulation, law enforcement hysteria, the AABBS prosecution, and what this means for the virtual community, and the notion of online community standards.

vr_evidence.article

Jeffrey Dunn's article relating to the use of VR techniques in the courtroom.

warnstkr.bbs

the text of a sticker produced by EFF-Austin. The stickers are no longer available, but you can make your own sign. It is intended to be placed on or near a BBS system, and notifies would-be raiders of your legal rights.

constitution.us

United States Constitution (and Amendments) - text version

constitution_us.html

United States Constitution (and Amendments) - HTML version

Subdirectories in This Archive

Arbitration/

Directory of info on ideas about, and projects to establish, "virtual arbitration" systems of extra-judicial dispute resolution.

Cases/Bernstein_v_DoS/

Directory of info on the Bernstein v. US Dept. of Justice case, challenging US export restrictions on encryption as unconstitutional under the First Amendment.

Cases/

Directory of information relating to various court cases

Constitutions/

Directory of important historical documents including treaties, constitutions, and delcarations of rights

CyberLaw_Course/

Directory of lessons from the first online 'Cyberspace Law for Non-Lawyers' Course (Alan Lewine, principal instructor).

Foreign_and_local/

Directory of information of legal issues from other places

ISP_liability/

Directory of information on ISP (and other system operator) liability for third party content or actions

Jurisdiction_and_sovereignty/

Directory of info about jurisdiction and sovereignty issues in cyberspace.

SLAPP/

Directory of information about "strategic lawsuits against public participation" (SLAPPs) - largely or entirely bogus cases (or other legal tactics) targeting underfunded critics, whistleblowers or competitors to expose and silence them.

Tools/

Directory of miscellaneous legal tools

Related On-Site Resources

Freedom of Information Act Archive

and similar open-government laws around the world.

Intellectual Property Archive

Directory of information relating to intellectual property

Internet address & domain name disputes

proposals, conflicts, and problems, including legal cases, bills, and draft standards.

Legal Bytes Directory of back issues

of the Legal Bytes Newsletter.

Legislation Archive

Directory of information relating to legislation

"No Electronic Theft" Act Archive

(NET Act), a rather stupid copyright law alteration intended to go after non-commercial infringers, like kids trading pirated games. Material includes EFF testimony on the sentencing guidelines for this new crime, which as drafted were very injust.

Raids Digest e-newsletter

discussions and info regarding computer-related raids, legal cases involving system operators, etc. Was published by EFF-Austin which is now merged into EF Texas.

EFF Legislation Archive

EFF Activism & Govt. Archive

Computers & Academic Freedom Project Law Archives

EFF Mike Godwin (former EFF Staff Attorney) Publications Archive

Links to Related Off-Site Resources

California Appellate Courts Case Information System

A searchable database. Searches for case information can be initiated by supplying trial or appellate case number, case caption, attorney, party, or calendar date. Court calendar information can be accessed for a date or range of dates. Notifications by e-mail of specific case activity can be set up by providing a case number and e-mail address. Case information is updated once an hour throughout the business day.

Information Ethics

An academic website that explores ethics in the information age.

The Growth & Development of Cyberspace Law in the United States:

Highlights of the Past Decade (UCLA Online Institute for Cyberspace Law and Policy)

CataLaw

"The most efficient tool for finding law on the Internet." CATALAW is the catalog of catalogs of law on the Internet. It speeds research by arranging hundreds of legal and government indexes into a single, simple, intuitive metaindex.

Catalog of online texts of US State laws

The WWW Multimedia Law Site

The Legal List: Index of law-related resources

on the Internet (HTML edition)

GSU Law College Index of Law-Related Resources on the World Wide Web

Brad Cox's Law, Ethics, and Society on the Information Superhighway