=============== ftp://ftp.eff.org/pub/CAF/faq/policy ===============
q: What guidance is there for creating or evaluating a computer policy?
a: The first thing to do is to get a copy of your university's Student
Code. It often protects student and staff freedom of expression,
privacy, and due process rights. At least in the U.S., it is not just
a piece of paper; it is part of the legal contract between student and
university. Any new policy must be consistent with this policy.
The American Library Association is another good source of policy
recommendations [see refs]. Here is a paraphrase of the ALA
"Guidelines for the Development of Policies and Procedures Regarding
User Behavior and Library Use":
1. As much as possible use "existing legistation and law
enforcement mechanism" rather than creating your own.
2. "[C]ite should cite statutes or ordinances upon which the authority
to make those policies is based."
3. Polices should not violate the Library Bill of Rights.
4. Make policies reasonable and narrow.
5. Have legal counsel check policy.
6. "Common sense, reason and sensitivity should be used to resolve
issues in a constructive and positive manner without escalation."
7. Train staff. Include empathy training.
8. Consider any policy that limits access very carefully.
"[P]rovide a clear description of the behavior that is
prohibited so that a reasonably intelligent person will
have fair warning..."
Also, the ALA's "Guidelines for the Development and Implementation of
Policies, Regulations and Procedures Affecting Access to Library
Materials, Services and Facilities" includes a check list of 15 things
to check for when creating a policy that restricts access. For
example:
"11. must provide a means of appeal;
12. must be reviewed regularly by the library's governing
authority and by its legal counsel.
13. must be communicated clearly and made available in an
effective manner to all library users;"
The CAF Archive contains the policies of many schools, some with
critiques. A list of some of the best is included below in the
references. It also has pointers to other policy archives. You may
also find the unofficial, draft Statement on Computers and Academic
Freedom (CAF) useful.
Finally, you may wish to look at the CAF Law archive. Speech
restrictions at public universities have been struck down consistently
by recent U.S. federal courts. Also, the courts require due process
before serious punishments can be applied to students.
- Carl Kadie
ANNOTATED REFERENCES
(All these documents are available on-line. Access information follows.)
=================
faq/policy.best
=================
* Policy -- Examples of the Best Policies
q: Which computer policies are the best models for a good academic policy?
a: I don't think there is a single policy that is best is all ways,
...
=================
library/computer.ala
=================
* Access to Electronic ... Services and Networks ... (ALA)
An interpretation by the American Library Association of the
"Library Bill of Rights"
Says in part: "Libraries and librarians exist to facilitate the
exercise of these rights by selecting, producing, providing access to,
identifying, retrieving, organizing, providing instruction in the use
of, and preserving recorded expression regardless of the format or
technology."
Also see "computer.faq.draft.ala" for *draft* questions and answers
about this policy recommendation.
=================
library/computer.faq.draft.ala
=================
* DRAFT Q&A about 'Access to Electronic ... Networks ...' (ALA)
(Draft) Questions and Answers about the ALA computer policy
recommendation (computer.ala).
=================
statements/bill-of-rights.aahe
=================
* Bill of Rights ... for Electronic ... Learners
This is the "Bill of Rights and Responsibilities for the Electronic
Community of Learners". It could become the first widely endorsed
statement directly related to computers and academic freedom.
=================
statements/caf-statement
=================
* Computer and Academic Freedom Statement -- Draft
This is an attempt to codify the application of academic freedom to
academic computers. It reflects our seven months of on-line discussion
about computers and academic freedom. It covers free expression, due
process, privacy, and user participation.
Comments and suggestions are very welcome (especially when posted to
CAF-talk). All the documents referenced are available on-line.
(Critiqued).
=================
statements/caf-statement.critique
=================
* Computer and Academic Freedom Statement -- Draft -- Critique
This is a critique of an attempt to codify the application of academic
freedom to academic computers. It reflects our seven months of on-line
discussion about computers and academic freedom. It covers free
expression, due process, privacy, and user participation.
Additional comments and suggestions are very welcome (especially when
posted to CAF-talk). All the documents referenced are available
on-line.
=================
policies/README
=================
* Computer policies from many schools (with critiques)
Computer Policy and Critiques Archive
[part of the Computers and Academic Freedom (CAF) Archive
[part of the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Archive]]
This is a collection of the computer policies of many schools and
networks. The collection also includes critiques of some of the
policies.
If you have gopher, the archive is browsable with the command:
gopher -p academic/policies gopher.eff.org
The archive is also accessible via anonymous ftp and email. Ftp to
ftp.eff.org (192.77.172.4). It is in directory "pub/academic/policies".
To get the file(s) by email, send email to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com. In
the body of your note include the lines:
connect ftp.eff.org
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get
get
where is the name of a file that you want. File README is
a detailed description of the items in the directory.
For more information, to make contributions, or to report typos
contact J.S. Greenfield (greeny@eff.org). Directory "widener"
contains additional policies (but not critiques).
=================
library/access.policies.ala
=================
* Access Policies (ALA)
"Guidelines for the Development and Implementation of Policies,
Regulations and Procedures Affecting Access to Library Materials,
Services and Facilities"
An interpretation by the American Library Association of the "Library
Bill of Rights"
=================
library/user-behavior.ala
=================
* Guidelines for Policies Regarding User Behavior (ALA)
"Guidelines for the Development of Policies and Procedures Regarding
User Behavior and Library Use"
=================
widener
=================
* Mirror of ftp.cs.widener.edu:pub/cud/schools/*
It is a collection of the computer polices of many schools. For a
description of the file see file "widener/Index". Also see directory
"policies".
=================
policies/unm.edu.pointer
=================
* Misc -- Pointer to and Index of U. of New Mexico Policy Archive
The files available via anonymous ftp from ariel.unm.edu in directory
/ethics.
=================
policies/eff.org
=================
* Org -- Electronic Frontier Foundation
Here are the rules for *.eff.org, the computers of the Electronic
Frontier Foundation, a private, not-for-profit organization. The
policy might make a good model.
=================
policies/cso.uiuc.edu
=================
* Edu -- U. of Illinois at U-C -- CCSO
The directory information policy for Computer Services Organzation at
the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. It says in part: "The
system currently has utilities [e.g. finger - cmk] or operating
procedures which disclose student information which we plan to let you
[, the user,] control in a manner consistent with other sources of
directory information." Also, that an effort will be made to
accommodate students who exercise their FERPA rights and suppress
directory information.
=================
policies/netnews.uwm.edu
=================
* Edu -- U. of Wisconsin-Milwaukee -- Netnews
These are the network policy resolutions developed by the Computer
Policy Committee at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The
resolutions were approved by the Committee and forwarded to the
Chancellor. They were given final approval by the Chancellor as campus
administrative policy (memo dated 02/23/93).
They say (to paraphrase) 1) Netnews is important 2) No restrictions
should be imposed without wide consultation 3) The principles of
intellectual freedom developed for university libraries apply to
Netnews material 4) The principles of intellectual freedom developed
for publication in traditional media apply to computer media.
=================
policies/netnews.uwo.ca
=================
* U. of Western Ontario -- Netnews policy
It says in part: "In its publications regarding Usenet, CCS should
make it clear that the individual user bears the primary
responsibility for the material that he or she chooses to send or
display on the network or on the University's computer systems." It
also specifies a procedure for dealing with challenges to material.
=================
policies/stanford.edu
=================
* Edu -- Stanford U. -- Netnews Selection Statements
"In 1989 rec.humor.funny was suppressed in some of the Stanford
University computers. After a campaign it was re-installed in those
computers."
This file contains
1) the "Statement of Protest about the AIR Censorship of rec.humor.funny"
2) a statement by the Stanford faculty committee on libraries
3) Notes from Professor John McCarthy on how censorship was fought at Stanford
(also see "pub/academic/cases/jmcabstract")
=================
policies/uiuc.edu
=================
* Edu -- U. of Illinois at U-C -- Privacy
This is the University of Illinois's Interim E-Mail and Computer File
Privacy Policy. It says that "network and system administrators are
expected to treat the contents of electronic files as private and
confidential." and "Any inspection of electronic files, and any action
based upon such inspection, will be governed by all applicable U. S.
and Illinois laws and by University policies."
=================
policies/nsf
=================
* Net -- National Science Foundation
The NSFNET backbone services acceptable use policy
=================
law/README
=================
* Law related to Computers and Academic Freedom
CAF Law Archive
[part of the Computers and Academic Freedom (CAF) Archive
[part of the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Archive]]
This is an on-line collection of law related to computers and academic
freedom. It includes both case law and legislation.
If you have gopher, the archive is browsable with the command:
gopher -p academic/law gopher.eff.org
The archive is also accessible via anonymous ftp and email. Ftp to
ftp.eff.org (192.77.172.4). It is in directory "pub/academic/law". To
get the file(s) by email, send email to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com. In the
body of your note include the lines:
connect ftp.eff.org
cd /pub/CAF/law
get
get
where is the name of a file that you want. File README is
a detailed description of the items in the directory.
For more information, to make contributions, or to report typos
contact J.S. Greenfield (greeny@eff.org).
=================
law/uwm-post-v-u-of-wisconsin
=================
* Expression -- Hate Speech -- UWM Post v. U Of Wisconsin
The full text of UWM POST v. U. of Wisconsin. This recent district
court ruling goes into detail about the difference between protected
offensive expression and illegal harassment. It even mentions email.
It concludes: "The founding fathers of this nation produced a
remarkable document in the Constitution but it was ratified only with
the promise of the Bill of Rights. The First Amendment is central to
our concept of freedom. The God-given "unalienable rights" that the
infant nation rallied to in the Declaration of Independence can be
preserved only if their application is rigorously analyzed.
The problems of bigotry and discrimination sought to be addressed here
are real and truly corrosive of the educational environment. But
freedom of speech is almost absolute in our land and the only
restriction the fighting words doctrine can abide is that based on the
fear of violent reaction. Content-based prohibitions such as that in
the UW Rule, however well intended, simply cannot survive the
screening which our Constitution demands."
=================
law/goss-v-lopez.fischer
=================
* Due Process -- When Required -- Goss v. Lopez -- Fischer
Comments from _Teacher's and the Law_, 3rd edition, by Louis Fischer,
et al. Published in 1991 by Longman. It reports that the Supreme Court
says that some modicum of due process is necessary unless the matter
is trivial or there is an emergency.
=================
=================
If you have gopher, you can browse the CAF archive with the command
gopher gopher.eff.org
These document(s) are also available by anonymous ftp (the preferred
method) and by email. To get the file(s) via ftp, do an anonymous ftp
to ftp.eff.org, and then:
cd /pub/CAF/faq
get policy.best
cd /pub/CAF/library
get computer.ala
cd /pub/CAF/library
get computer.faq.draft.ala
cd /pub/CAF/statements
get bill-of-rights.aahe
cd /pub/CAF/statements
get caf-statement
cd /pub/CAF/statements
get caf-statement.critique
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get README
cd /pub/CAF/library
get access.policies.ala
cd /pub/CAF/library
get user-behavior.ala
cd /pub/CAF
get widener
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get unm.edu.pointer
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get eff.org
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get cso.uiuc.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get netnews.uwm.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get netnews.uwo.ca
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get stanford.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get uiuc.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get nsf
cd /pub/CAF/law
get README
cd /pub/CAF/law
get uwm-post-v-u-of-wisconsin
cd /pub/CAF/law
get goss-v-lopez.fischer
To get the file(s) by email, send email to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com
Include the line(s):
connect ftp.eff.org
cd /pub/CAF/faq
get policy.best
cd /pub/CAF/library
get computer.ala
cd /pub/CAF/library
get computer.faq.draft.ala
cd /pub/CAF/statements
get bill-of-rights.aahe
cd /pub/CAF/statements
get caf-statement
cd /pub/CAF/statements
get caf-statement.critique
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get README
cd /pub/CAF/library
get access.policies.ala
cd /pub/CAF/library
get user-behavior.ala
cd /pub/CAF
get widener
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get unm.edu.pointer
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get eff.org
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get cso.uiuc.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get netnews.uwm.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get netnews.uwo.ca
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get stanford.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get uiuc.edu
cd /pub/CAF/policies
get nsf
cd /pub/CAF/law
get README
cd /pub/CAF/law
get uwm-post-v-u-of-wisconsin
cd /pub/CAF/law
get goss-v-lopez.fischer